Underperformance at work is most often the result of work-related stress, anxiety, pressure, significant workloads or dysfunctional personnel relationships which may result in physical illness, depression and a general feeling career dissatisfaction.

Counselling objectives include establishing problematic elements, its root cause, the resultant train of thought, emotion and reaction – whether conscious or subconsciously – and endeavours to impart the skills necessary to resolve this chain of occurrences.

Counselling may be participated in by sets or groups of colleagues, or by individuals voluntarily.